The complex needlepoint of diplomatic relations between the United States and Latin America has often been subject to the ebbs and flows of different administrations. As the Biden administration grapples with global crises in Ukraine and the Middle East, there is a growing perception that Latin America has taken a back seat in terms of diplomatic attention and strategic focus. Despite Joe Biden’s campaign promises to address the root causes of Latin American migration, engage with Venezuela, and promote democracy in the region, critics argue that the current administration has displayed a concerning level of ignorance and indifference towards the challenges faced by its southern neighbors.
One of the central pillars of Biden’s campaign promises was the commitment to address the underlying factors contributing to Latin American migration. However, as time progresses, it becomes evident that the structural issues fueling migration remain largely unaddressed. While the administration grapples with global conflicts, Latin American nations continue to grapple with economic instability, corruption, and violence – key drivers that propel citizens to seek better opportunities abroad. The persistent challenges in curbing migration underscore the complexity of the issue, demanding a more nuanced and region-specific approach.
Biden’s approach towards Venezuela was anticipated to deviate from the previous administration’s stance, yet the South American nation continues its path towards self-determination. The geopolitical focus on crises in Ukraine and the Middle East has overshadowed efforts to influence Venezuela’s trajectory. As the Biden administration attempts to balance multiple global challenges, critics argue that Latin America, and specifically Venezuela, is not receiving the attention and engagement it requires.
Biden’s diplomatic initiatives have predominantly centered on rebuilding alliances with Europe, the Middle East, and Asia, leaving Latin America somewhat neglected until recently. The delayed attention to the region has provoked impatience among parliamentarians and business leaders who expected a more proactive engagement. Despite the announcement of the American Partnership for Economic Prosperity (Apep), critics argue that the plan remains largely symbolic, lacking tangible progress or opportunities for stakeholders to voice their expectations.
The delayed negotiations and perceived lack of urgency in Latin America have opened the door for China to expand its economic influence in the region. With 20 member countries already part of China’s Belt and Road Economic Initiative, concerns mount over the United States falling behind in economic engagement. If the Biden administration fails to expedite its economic agenda in Latin America, there is a risk that nations in the region may deepen their ties with China and Russia, driven by political pressure and economic sanctions.
As the 2025 elections loom on the horizon, main Republican candidates are advocating for a revival of agreements with “safe countries” in Latin America to address the pressing issue of migration. The proposed tightening of sanctions against Cuba, Venezuela, and other nations aligns with the preferences of influential voters in South Florida. If these proposals gain traction, a potential shift in focus towards Latin America could significantly alter the trajectory of US foreign policy in the region.
The lack of interest in Latin America, as evidenced by Biden’s limited visits and perceived indifference, raises questions about the effectiveness of current policies. Both Democratic and Republican proposals may fall short of providing comprehensive solutions to the region’s challenges. If not carefully managed, these policies could potentially lead to catastrophic outcomes, exacerbating existing issues rather than resolving them.
A standout case in Biden’s perceived “indifference” is Cuba, where promises to review relations have yet to manifest in substantive changes. The continuation of Trump-era policies has not achieved its intended goals and is resulting in further isolation for the United States. Cuba’s recent election to the UN Commission on Human Rights and widespread global opposition to the blockade underscore the limitations and failures of the current US approach.
Should the United States persist with its current foreign policy approach toward Latin America, there is a genuine risk of reaping similar consequences to France’s policy towards African countries. Latin American nations may increasingly turn to China and Russia for more viable political and economic relations, leaving the US in a precarious position. Three years into Biden’s presidency, the lack of a well-defined agenda for Latin America raises concerns about the region’s growing distance from the United States.
The evolving dynamics of US-Latin America relations under the Biden administration demand a deeper understanding of the region’s complexities and a more proactive approach to its challenges. Striking a delicate balance between economic interests, migration concerns, and diplomatic relations is paramount. As the spotlight potentially shifts back to Latin America in the upcoming elections, policymakers must carefully assess the implications of their decisions to prevent further distancing between the United States and its southern neighbors. Navigating these crossroads requires a nuanced strategy that acknowledges the region’s unique challenges and opportunities.
